Content (Freudian Dream Analysis) - Wikipedia ~ NEWS: An Update

According to Freud, the therapist was attempting to reveal the _____ of Greg's dream. According to Freud, the dreams of adults can be traced back to. People can be hypnotically induced to. report little pain from placing their arms in an ice bath.According to Freud, the dreams of adults can be traced back to erotic wishes. While reading a novel, Raoul isn't easily distracted by the sounds of the TV or even by his brothers' loud arguments.Answer to 94.According to Freud, the dreams of adults can be traced back to A) erotic wishes. B) stressful life events. C) biological needs for brainAccording to Freud, the dreams of adults can be traced back to: A) erotic wishes. B) stressful life events. C) physiological needs for brain stimulation. D) random bursts of neural activity. 2. Which of the following is an unconditioned response?According to Freud, the dreams of adults can be traced back to what? Erotic wishes 2. During a heated argument with his teenage daughter, Mr. Reid suddenly lapsed into a state of REM sleep. Mr. Reid apparently suffers from narcolepsy. 3. Narcolepsy is a disorder involving periodic uncontrollable attacks of overwhelming sleepiness. 4.

Chapter 3 Psych Flashcards | Quizlet

For example, according to Freud's 1953 classic, " The interpretation of dreams ", dreams of flying through the air reveal subconscious thoughts of sexual desire, while dreams of failing to fly...According to Freud, the therapist was attempting to reveal the _____ of Greg's dream. a. REM content b. circadian rhythm c. latent content d. manifest content. c. According to Freud, the dreams of adults can be traced back to: a. erotic wishes. b. stressful life events. c. physiological needs for brain stimulation.Page 195 118. As Inge recalled her dream, she was dancing with a tall, dark, and handsome gentleman when suddenly the music shifted to loud rock and the man disappeared. According to Freud, Inge's account represents the _____ content of her dream. A) paradoxical B) manifest C) latent D) hypnagogic 119. According to Freud, the latent content of a dream refers to A) its accompanying brain-wavesame concept discussed by Freud. Freud dealt with actual dreams that occur during sleep that represent repressed emotions and urges, which Freud nearly always viewed as sexual. The expression...

[Solved] According to Freud, the dreams of adults can be

According to Freud, the dreams of adults can be traced back to A) erotic wishes. B) stressful life events. C) biological needs for brain stimulation. D) random bursts of neural activity. 150. Freud called the remembered story line of a dream its _____ content. A) manifest B) paradoxical C) hypnagogic D) circadian 151."Freud was right about 'day residue' in dreams," said Robert Stickgold, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. "But the whole psychoanalysis thing, and the role of childhoodAccording to Freud, the number of things represented by symbols in dreams is not great: The human body, parents, children, siblings, birth, death, nakedness, and a few others.According to Freud, this is why the manifest content of dreams can be in the form of believable events. In Freud's later work on dreams, he explored the possibility of universal symbols in dreams. Some of these were sexual in nature, including poles, guns, and swords representing the penis and horse riding and dancing representing sexualTake the quiz test your understanding of the key concepts covered in the chapter. Try testing yourself before you read the chapter to see where your strengths and weaknesses are, then test yourself again once you've read the chapter to see how well you've understood.1. Psychoanalysis was developed to treat which mental disorder?

Psychodynamic ApproachPsychoanalysisFreudSigmund Freud's Theories

By Saul McLeod, up to date 2018

Sigmund Freud (1856 to 1939) was the founding father of psychoanalysis, one way for treating mental illness and also a principle and is the reason human behavior.

Freud believed that events in our childhood have a great affect on our adult lives, shaping our persona. For example, anxiety originating from disturbing stories in an individual's past is hidden from awareness, and might purpose problems throughout adulthood (in the form of neuroses).

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Thus, when we provide an explanation for our behavior to ourselves or others (aware psychological activity), we rarely give a real account of our motivation. This is not because we're intentionally mendacity. While human beings are great deceivers of others; they're even more adept at self-deception.

Freud's existence work used to be dominated by means of his makes an attempt to in finding techniques of penetrating this regularly subtle and elaborate camouflage that obscures the hidden construction and processes of personality.

His lexicon has turn into embedded inside of the vocabulary of Western society. Words he introduced thru his theories are actually utilized by on a regular basis people, comparable to anal (personality), libido, denial, repression, cathartic, Freudian slip, and neurotic.

The Case of Anna O

The case of Anna O (real name Bertha Pappenheim) marked a turning point in the profession of a tender Viennese neuropathologist through the name of Sigmund Freud. It even went on to affect the long term route of psychology as an entire.

Anna O. suffered from hysteria, a condition wherein the affected person shows bodily symptoms (e.g., paralysis, convulsions, hallucinations, loss of speech) without an apparent bodily cause. Her doctor (and Freud's trainer) Josef Breuer succeeded in treating Anna by way of helping her to recall forgotten recollections of nerve-racking events.

During discussions together with her, it became obvious that she had evolved an apprehension of drinking when a dog she hated drank from her glass. Her other symptoms originated when taking good care of her ill father.

She would now not categorical her anxiousness for her his illness however did categorical it later, during psychoanalysis. As quickly as she had the alternative to make those subconscious ideas aware her paralysis disappeared.

Breuer discussed the case along with his buddy Freud. Out of these discussions came the germ of an concept that Freud was to pursue for the relaxation of his existence. In Studies in Hysteria (1895) Freud proposed that bodily signs are incessantly the floor manifestations of deeply repressed conflicts.

However, Freud used to be now not simply advancing a proof of a specific illness. Implicitly he was once proposing a revolutionary new principle of the human psyche itself.

This idea emerged "bit by bit" because of this of Freud's clinical investigations, and it led him to propose that there have been at least 3 levels of the mind.

The Unconscious Mind

Freud (1900, 1905) advanced a topographical style of the mind, whereby he described the options of the mind's construction and serve as. Freud used the analogy of an iceberg to describe the 3 ranges of the mind.

On the floor is consciousness, which is composed of those ideas that are the center of attention of our consideration now, and this is observed as the tip of the iceberg. The preconscious is composed of all which can be retrieved from reminiscence.

The third and most vital area is the unconscious. Here lie the processes which can be the actual reason of most conduct. Like an iceberg, the maximum necessary part of the mind is the part you can't see.

The subconscious mind acts as a repository, a 'cauldron' of primitive wishes and impulse stored at bay and mediated by the preconscious area.

For example, Freud (1915) found that some occasions and desires have been frequently too frightening or painful for his sufferers to recognize, and believed such knowledge used to be locked away in the unconscious thoughts. This can happen thru the procedure of repression.

Sigmund Freud emphasised the importance of the subconscious mind, and a number one assumption of Freudian idea is that the unconscious thoughts governs habits to a better level than other folks suspect. Indeed, the goal of psychoanalysis is to make the subconscious mindful.

The Psyche

Freud (1923) later developed a extra structural type of the mind comprising the entities identity, ego, and superego (what Freud called "the psychic equipment"). These are not bodily spaces inside the mind, however fairly hypothetical conceptualizations of important psychological purposes.

The identification, ego, and superego have maximum often been conceptualized as three very important parts of the human personality.

Freud assumed the identity operated at an subconscious level according to the pleasure principle (gratification from pleasurable elementary instincts). The identity comprises two sorts of biological instincts (or drives) which Freud called Eros and Thanatos.

Eros, or existence intuition, is helping the particular person to live on; it directs life-sustaining actions similar to respiration, eating, and intercourse (Freud, 1925). The energy created by the life instincts is known as libido.

In contrast, Thanatos or demise intuition, is viewed as a suite of destructive forces found in all human beings (Freud, 1920). When this energy is directed outward onto others, it is expressed as aggression and violence. Freud believed that Eros is more potent than Thanatos, thus enabling other folks to live to tell the tale reasonably than self-destruct.

The ego develops from the identity all through infancy. The ego's function is to satisfy the calls for of the identification in a safe a socially applicable means. In distinction to the identification, the ego follows the reality concept as it operates in each the conscious and subconscious thoughts.

The superego develops all over early adolescence (when the kid identifies with the similar sex mother or father) and is liable for making sure moral standards are followed. The superego operates on the morality principle and motivates us to behave in a socially responsible and applicable manner.

The basic predicament of all human lifestyles is that every element of the psychic apparatus makes demands upon us that are incompatible with the other two. Inner warfare is inevitable.

For instance, the superego can make an individual really feel guilty if laws are not adopted. When there's a conflict between the targets of the identification and superego, the ego will have to act as a referee and mediate this war. The ego can deploy more than a few defense mechanisms (Freud, 1894, 1896) to prevent it from turning into beaten through nervousness.

Defense Mechanisms

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Psychosexual Stages

In the extremely repressive "Victorian" society wherein Freud lived and worked ladies, specifically, were pressured to repress their sexual wishes. In many instances, the outcome used to be some form of neurotic sickness.

Freud sought to understand the nature and variety of these illnesses by retracing the sexual historical past of his patients. This used to be not basically an investigation of sexual studies as such. Far extra necessary were the affected person's needs and desires, their experience of love, hate, shame, guilt and fear – and how they handled these robust feelings.

It was once this that led to the most controversial section of Freud's paintings – his theory of psychosexual development and the Oedipus advanced.

Freud believed that youngsters are born with a libido – a sexual (excitement) urge. There are a host of stages of childhood, all over which the kid seeks excitement from a different 'object.'

To be psychologically healthy, we should effectively complete every stage. Mental abnormality can occur if a degree isn't finished successfully and the person turns into 'fixated' in a specific stage. This particular principle shows how adult personality is made up our minds by formative years stories.

Dream Analysis

Freud (1900) considered dreams to be the royal street to the subconscious as it is in dreams that the ego's defenses are diminished so that some of the repressed material comes via to consciousness, albeit in distorted form. Dreams perform important purposes for the subconscious thoughts and serve as valuable clues to how the unconscious thoughts operates.

On 24 July 1895, Freud had his personal dream that used to be to form the basis of his principle. He had been worried about a affected person, Irma, who was once no longer doing as well in treatment as he had was hoping. Freud, in truth, blamed himself for this, and was once feeling in charge.

Freud dreamed that he met Irma at a celebration and tested her. He then noticed a chemical components for a drug that another physician had given Irma flash before his eyes and discovered that her condition was once led to through a dirty syringe utilized by the different physician. Freud's guilt was once thus relieved.

Freud interpreted this dream as wish-fulfillment. He had wanted that Irma's deficient condition used to be now not his fault and the dream had fulfilled this wish via informing him that every other physician was at fault. Based in this dream, Freud (1900) went on to propose that a main function of dreams was once the fulfillment of wishes.

Freud distinguished between the manifest content of a dream (what the dreamer recollects) and the latent content material, the symbolic that means of the dream (i.e., the underlying want). The manifest content is often based on the occasions of the day.

The process wherein the underlying wish is translated into the manifest content is known as dreamwork. The function of dreamwork is to become the forbidden wish right into a non-threatening form, thus lowering nervousness and permitting us to proceed drowsing. Dreamwork comes to the procedure of condensation, displacement, and secondary elaboration.

The process of condensation is the becoming a member of of two or extra concepts/images into one. For example, a dream a few man would possibly be a dream about each one's father and one's lover. A dream a few area might be the condensation of worries about safety as well as worries about one's look to the leisure of the international.

Displacement takes position once we change into the particular person or object we are truly excited by to anyone else. For instance, one of Freud's sufferers was once extremely envious of his sister-in-law and used to refer to her as a dog, dreamed of strangling a small white canine.

Freud interpreted this as representing his want to kill his sister-in-law. If the patient would have in reality dreamed of killing his sister-in-law, he would have felt to blame. The subconscious mind transformed her right into a canine to protect him.

Secondary elaboration occurs when the unconscious mind strings in combination wish-fulfilling photographs in a logical order of events, further obscuring the latent content material. According to Freud, this is the reason the manifest content of dreams can be in the form of plausible occasions.

In Freud's later paintings on dreams, he explored the chance of common symbols in dreams. Some of these have been sexual in nature, including poles, guns, and swords representing the penis and horse riding and dancing representing sexual intercourse.

However, Freud used to be cautious about symbols and said that general symbols are extra non-public relatively than common. A person cannot interpret what the manifest content material of a dream symbolized with out knowing about the individual's circumstances.

'Dream dictionaries', which are nonetheless fashionable now, have been a source of inflammation to Freud. In an amusing example of the obstacles of common symbols, one of Freud's sufferers, after dreaming about protecting a wriggling fish, mentioned to him 'that is a Freudian image - it must be a penis!'

Freud explored further, and it grew to become out that the lady's mother, who used to be a passionate astrologer and a Pisces, used to be on the patient's thoughts because she disapproved of her daughter being in analysis. It seems extra believable, as Freud recommended, that the fish represented the patient's mom rather than a penis!

Freud's Followers

Freud attracted many followers, who shaped a famous group in 1902 known as the "Psychological Wednesday Society." The workforce met each and every Wednesday in Freud's ready room.

As the organization grew, Freud established an inside circle of faithful fans, the so-called "Committee" (together with Sàndor Ferenczi, and Hanns Sachs (standing) Otto Rank, Karl Abraham, Max Eitingon, and Ernest Jones).

At the starting of 1908, the committee had 22 individuals and renamed themselves the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society.

Critical Evaluation

Is Freudian psychology supported by means of evidence? Freud's concept is good at explaining but no longer at predicting behavior (which is one of the goals of science). For this explanation why, Freud's concept is unfalsifiable - it can neither be proved true or refuted. For instance, the unconscious mind is hard to test and measure objectively. Overall, Freud's idea is extremely unscientific.

Despite the skepticism of the unconscious thoughts, cognitive psychology has recognized unconscious processes, akin to procedural reminiscence (Tulving, 1972), computerized processing (Bargh & Chartrand, 1999; Stroop, 1935), and social psychology has proven the significance of implicit processing (Greenwald & Banaji, 1995). Such empirical findings have demonstrated the role of subconscious processes in human behavior.

However, most of the proof for Freud's theories are taken from an unrepresentative sample. He most commonly studied himself, his sufferers and only one child (e.g., Little Hans). The major downside here's that the case research are based on learning one individual intimately, and with reference to Freud, the people in question are maximum ceaselessly middle-aged women from Vienna (i.e., his patients). This makes generalizations to the wider population (e.g., the complete international) tough. However, Freud concept this unimportant, believing in just a qualitative distinction between folks.

Freud might also have proven research bias in his interpretations - he may have only paid attention to data which supported his theories, and overlooked information and other explanations that did not are compatible them.

However, Fisher & Greenberg (1996) argue that Freud's concept must be evaluated in terms of specific hypotheses somewhat than as a complete. They concluded that there's proof to reinforce Freud's concepts of oral and anal personalities and a few facets of his concepts on melancholy and paranoia. They discovered little proof of the Oedipal warfare and no support for Freud's perspectives on ladies's sexuality and the way their development differs from men'.

How to reference this article:How to reference this text:

McLeod, S. A. (2018, April 05). What are the maximum attention-grabbing ideas of Sigmund Freud?. Simply Psychology. https://www.simplypsychology.org/Sigmund-Freud.html

APA Style References

Bargh, J. A., & Chartrand, T. L. (1999). The insufferable automaticity of being. American psychologist, 54(7), 462.

Breuer, J., & Freud, S. (1895). Studies on hysteria. Standard Edition 2: London.

Fisher, S., & Greenberg, R. P. (1996). Freud scientifically reappraised: Testing the theories and therapy. John Wiley & Sons.

Freud, S. (1894). The neuro-psychoses of defence. SE, 3: 41-61.

Freud, S. (1896). Further remarks on the neuro-psychoses of defence. SE, 3: 157-185.

Freud, S. (1900). The interpretation of dreams. S.E., 4-5.

Freud, S. (1915). The unconscious. SE, 14: 159-204.

Freud, S. (1920). Beyond the excitement principle. SE, 18: 1-64.

Freud, S. (1923). The ego and the identification. SE, 19: 1-66.

Freud, S. (1925). Negation. Standard version, 19, 235-239.

Freud, S. (1961). The resistances to psycho-analysis. In The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, Volume XIX (1923-1925): The Ego and the Id and different works (pp. 211-224).

Greenwald, A. G., & Banaji, M. R. (1995). Implicit social cognition: attitudes, self-esteem, and stereotypes. Psychological evaluate, 102(1), 4.

Stroop, J. R. (1935). Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of experimental psychology, 18(6), 643.

Tulving, E. (1972). Episodic and semantic reminiscence. In E. Tulving & W. Donaldson (Eds.), Organization of Memory, (pp. 381–403). New York: Academic Press.

Further Information

How to reference this text:How to reference this newsletter:

McLeod, S. A. (2018, April 05). What are the most interesting concepts of Sigmund Freud?. Simply Psychology. https://www.simplypsychology.org/Sigmund-Freud.html

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